From the northern part to the northwestern part are the mountains of Yamizo, Kuji, and Taga ranging north and south; Kuji and Taga are located at the southern end of the mountainous region of Abukuma. The Yamada River, Sato River, Kuji River and Naka River run through an area of flat land in a basin. The Yamizo Mountains start with Mount Yamizo, the highest mountain in the prefecture (1,022 m) located at the border in the northwest, and the range stretches south going through the border with Tochigi Prefecture as far as Mount Kaba and Mount Tsukuba. The Taga Mountains include Mount Hanazono, Mount Kamine and Mount Takasuzu.

The Jōsō Plain, part of the Kantō Plains, stretches from the center to the southwestern part. The Kokai River and Kinu River run through the plain, and the rivers join together at the southern end forming the Tone River. The Tone River has the largest basin area and it flows into the Pacific Ocean.

The main features in the southeastern part are the second largest lake in Japan, Kasumigaura, and another lake called Kitaura.

There is a 190 km-long coastline in the eastern part.